direct substitution
英 [dəˈrekt ˌsʌbstɪ'tjuːʃ(ə)n]
美 [dəˈrekt ˌsʌbstɪ'tuʃ(ə)n]
直接取代；直接代入法
双语例句
- A chemical compound containing the azido group combined with an element or radical. Most direct substitution of groups bound to an aromatic nucleus is limited to diazonium salts.
叠氮原子团和一种元素或一种基结合形成的一种化合物。大多数连于芳核能被直接取代的基团仅限于重氮盐。 - Most direct substitution of groups bound to an aromatic nucleus is limited to diazonium salts. Many groups can be added by nucleophilic substitution on a diazonium salt.
大多数连于芳核能被直接取代的基团仅限于重氮盐。许多基团可通过向得自胶的重氮盐作亲核取代而加以导入。 - Effect of Biquadratic Coupling on Exchange Bias of Ferromagnetic and Antiferromagnetic Bilayer Films Preparation of Fe/ Cu Bimetallic Powders by Direct Substitution Reaction
双二次耦合场对铁磁/反铁磁双层膜中交换偏置场的影响直接置换法制备包覆型铁铜双金属粉末的工艺研究 - Preparation of Fe/ Cu Bimetallic Powders by Direct Substitution Reaction
直接置换法制备包覆型铁铜双金属粉末的工艺研究 - Study on synthesis of Ag coating Cu bimetallic nano-powders by direct substitution reaction
直接置换法制备包覆型纳米铜-银双金属粉末 - From the theoretical analysis to project determination, from development to the scene actual data test proof, it has provided credible direct substitution examination technology to the user.
从理论分析到立项，从研制到现场实际数据测试证明，给用户提供了可信的直接替代实物检验技术。 - After opening up, overseas direct investment has a substitution effect on China foreign trade, displaying a remarkable mutual complement and mutual promotion relationship. China foreign direct investment has a positive effect on the development of China foreign trade.
改革开放以来，国外直接投资对中国对外贸易具有替代效应，但总体表现为显著的互补效应和相互促进关系，中国的对外直接投资对中国对外贸易发展的影响表现为正效应。 - In resources substitute, the influence of direct consumption change to energy consumption is given by a formula and a new method of realizing low growth of energy consumption through resources substitution is explored.
在投入要素替代方面，通过确定主元素的方法，建立直接消耗系数变动对能耗总量变动影响大小的计算公式，进而得到了通过投入要素替代来实现能耗低增长的途径。 - Namely, including the direct demand in money, the stock market exerts influences on the money demand by the combined roles of effects of wealth, exchange, asset integration and substitution.
货币需求通过直接和间接方式对股票市场产生影响，而股票市场通过财富效应、交易效应、资产组合效应和替代效应的共同作用对货币需求产生影响。 - This paper studies the question of estimation of parameters in the mixture of two normal distributions. Solving Process of Resonance Region of Parametric Vibration by Direct Method of Substitution
对两混合正态分布的参数估计问题进行了研究，在传统的极大似然估计的基础上运用EM算法来求解参数估计.用直接代入法求解参数振动的共振区 - Progress of Synthesis of Vinyl Chloride Process from Direct Substitution Chlorination of Ethylene The Synthesis of Substituted Phenyl Ethylamine Study on Synthesis of Phosphonitrilic Chloride
乙烯直接取代氯化合成氯乙烯的研究 - The essay, based on evaluating the reproduce-estimation method, suggests gaining the auxiliary information with direct or indirect method and employing the cluster-average method to realize the substitution for nonresponse unit or item.
在对复制估算法进行评价的基础上，提出运用直接或间接渠道获得的辅助信息，通过类平均法分析来实现对无回答单位（或项目）的替代。 - This article believes that foreign direct investment has both trade creation effect and trade substitution effect.
本文认为国际直接投资同时具有贸易创造效应和贸易替代效应。 - The experimental results show that conventional direct acylation gave products with very low acylation substitution degree ( ASD).
常规直接酰化法获得产品的酰化度很低； - Three relationships between International Trade and Foreign Direct Investment-Thoughts on Robert A.Mundell's Substitution Model between Trade and Investment
国际贸易与国际直接投资的三种关系&芒德尔贸易与投资替代模型引发的思考 - Solving Process of Resonance Region of Parametric Vibration by Direct Method of Substitution
用直接代入法求解参数振动的共振区 - The main manifestation of nonmoral Education in Ethics is nonmoral element infiltration and dissimilation, and even direct substitution for morality, while immoral Education in Ethics mainly embodies moral indoctrination against moral essence and moral deception contrary to moral basic principles.
非道德的道德教育主要表现为非道德因素对道德的渗透、异化，甚至是直接取代；不道德的道德教育主要表现为有违道德基本精神的道德灌输和悖离道德基本原则的道德欺骗。 - The detection methods of electronic circuit fault include direct detection method, parameter test method, signal tracking method, bisection method, cut test method, substitution method, and capacitance bypass method.
电子电路故障的检测方法有直接观察法、参数测试法、信号寻迹法、对分法、分割测试法、对比法、替代法、电容器旁路法。 - We should give full play to the export and foreign direct investment in complementary, rather than the substitution effect.
我们应充分发挥出口和对外直接投资的互补性，而不是替代作用。 - We prove that when the capacity is very tight, the direct channel does take priority over the retail channel; otherwise, channel selection decision depends on the available capacity and the substitution rate.
证明当制造商的生产能力非常紧张时，直销渠道确实比零售渠道优先获得供货；否则，渠道的选择将由生产能力约束和渠道替代率共同决定。 - In China, foreign direct investment enterprises first largely exported labor-intensive products and low-end high-tech products which had a comparative advantage using cheap labor in China, meanwhile they sold these products to other countries, forming the import substitution.
在我国，外商直接投资企业首先利用我国低廉的劳动力优势大量出口具有比较优势的劳动密集型产品和中低端的高新技术产品，同时将产品销往国内，形成进口替代。 - Direct investment in the total impact on international trade are mainly investment substitution effect of trade and investment in complementary effects on trade.
直接投资对国际贸易总量的影响主要有投资的贸易替代效应和投资对贸易的互补效应。 - On the other hand, as a whole, foreign direct investment would have a positive effect on foreign exchange reserves through the export and import substitution, export of profits and re-investment, etc., which indirectly led to the increase of foreign exchange reserves in China.
另一方面外商直接投资通过出口及进口替代、利润汇出及再投资等活动总体上会对外汇储备产生正效应，即间接造成我国外汇储备增加。 - In contrast, direct substitution of the hydroxyl groups in alcohols not only saves one step of synthetic manipulation, but also suppresses side reactions and exhibits atom-economy by generating byproduct water.
相对而言，直接取代醇羟基不仅节省一步反应，而且生成的副产物是水，具有原子经济性，并减少副产物。 - Herein we disclose the direct substitution of the hydroxy groups in alcohols with serveral nucleophiles in the presence of acidic byproducts or external acidic catalysts.
我们利用酸性副产物或者外加酸性催化剂实现了醇与多种亲核试剂的直接取代反应，有效地拓展了醇的合成应用范围。